Linux-在Ubuntu搭建ftp服务器
 2023.08.20    |      Linux问题集合    |     AilsonJack    |     暂无评论    |     48 views
By: AilsonJack
Date: 2023-08-20
个人博客: http://www.only2fire.com/
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} .cm-s-inner .cm-operator { color: rgb(152, 26, 26); } .cm-s-inner .cm-comment, .cm-s-inner.cm-comment { color: rgb(170, 85, 0); } .cm-s-inner .cm-string-2 { color: rgb(255, 85, 0); } .cm-s-inner .cm-meta { color: rgb(85, 85, 85); } .cm-s-inner .cm-qualifier { color: rgb(85, 85, 85); } .cm-s-inner .cm-builtin { color: rgb(51, 0, 170); } .cm-s-inner .cm-bracket { color: rgb(153, 153, 119); } .cm-s-inner .cm-tag { color: rgb(17, 119, 0); } .cm-s-inner .cm-attribute { color: rgb(0, 0, 204); } .cm-s-inner .cm-header, .cm-s-inner.cm-header { color: rgb(0, 0, 255); } .cm-s-inner .cm-quote, .cm-s-inner.cm-quote { color: rgb(0, 153, 0); } .cm-s-inner .cm-hr, .cm-s-inner.cm-hr { color: rgb(153, 153, 153); } .cm-s-inner .cm-link, .cm-s-inner.cm-link { color: rgb(0, 0, 204); } .cm-negative { color: rgb(221, 68, 68); } .cm-positive { color: rgb(34, 153, 34); } .cm-header, .cm-strong { font-weight: 700; } .cm-del { text-decoration: line-through; } .cm-em { font-style: italic; } .cm-link { text-decoration: underline; 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} .CodeMirror-gutters { position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px; z-index: 3; overflow-y: hidden; } .CodeMirror-gutter { white-space: normal; height: 100%; box-sizing: content-box; padding-bottom: 30px; margin-bottom: -32px; display: inline-block; } .CodeMirror-gutter-wrapper { position: absolute; z-index: 4; background: 0px 0px !important; border: none !important; } .CodeMirror-gutter-background { position: absolute; top: 0px; bottom: 0px; z-index: 4; } .CodeMirror-gutter-elt { position: absolute; cursor: default; z-index: 4; } .CodeMirror-lines { cursor: text; } .CodeMirror pre { border-radius: 0px; border-width: 0px; background: 0px 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; margin: 0px; white-space: pre; overflow-wrap: normal; color: inherit; z-index: 2; position: relative; overflow: visible; } .CodeMirror-wrap pre { overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: normal; } .CodeMirror-code pre { border-right: 30px solid transparent; width: fit-content; } .CodeMirror-wrap .CodeMirror-code pre { border-right: none; width: auto; } .CodeMirror-linebackground { position: absolute; inset: 0px; z-index: 0; } .CodeMirror-linewidget { position: relative; z-index: 2; overflow: auto; } .CodeMirror-wrap .CodeMirror-scroll { overflow-x: hidden; } .CodeMirror-measure { position: absolute; width: 100%; height: 0px; overflow: hidden; visibility: hidden; } .CodeMirror-measure pre { position: static; } .CodeMirror div.CodeMirror-cursor { position: absolute; visibility: hidden; border-right: none; width: 0px; } .CodeMirror div.CodeMirror-cursor { visibility: hidden; } .CodeMirror-focused div.CodeMirror-cursor { visibility: inherit; } .cm-searching { background: rgba(255, 255, 0, 0.4); } span.cm-underlined { text-decoration: underline; } span.cm-strikethrough { text-decoration: line-through; } .cm-tw-syntaxerror { color: rgb(255, 255, 255); background-color: rgb(153, 0, 0); } .cm-tw-deleted { text-decoration: line-through; } .cm-tw-header5 { font-weight: 700; } .cm-tw-listitem:first-child { padding-left: 10px; } .cm-tw-box { border-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 1px; border-color: inherit; border-top-width: 0px !important; } .cm-tw-underline { text-decoration: underline; } @media print { .CodeMirror div.CodeMirror-cursor { visibility: hidden; } } :root { --side-bar-bg-color: #fafafa; --control-text-color: #777; } @include-when-export url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400italic,700italic,700,400&subset=latin,latin-ext); /* open-sans-regular - latin-ext_latin */ /* open-sans-italic - latin-ext_latin */ /* open-sans-700 - latin-ext_latin */ /* open-sans-700italic - latin-ext_latin */ html { font-size: 16px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; } body { font-family: "Open Sans","Clear Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, 'Segoe UI Emoji', sans-serif; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 1.6; } #write { max-width: 860px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 30px; padding-bottom: 100px; 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} .file-node-content:hover .file-node-icon, .file-node-content:hover .file-node-open-state{ visibility: visible; } .mac-seamless-mode #typora-sidebar { background-color: #fafafa; background-color: var(--side-bar-bg-color); } .md-lang { color: #b4654d; } /*.html-for-mac { --item-hover-bg-color: #E6F0FE; }*/ #md-notification .btn { border: 0; } .dropdown-menu .divider { border-color: #e5e5e5; opacity: 0.4; } .ty-preferences .window-content { background-color: #fafafa; } .ty-preferences .nav-group-item.active { color: white; background: #999; } .menu-item-container a.menu-style-btn { background-color: #f5f8fa; background-image: linear-gradient( 180deg , hsla(0, 0%, 100%, 0.8), hsla(0, 0%, 100%, 0)); }</style><title>Ubuntu搭建ftp服务器</title><p>本文将在Ubuntu 22.04上搭建ftp服务器,对于其他版本Ubuntu系统或者其他系列的Linux发行版,配置都差不多。</p><p>下述内容配置好了匿名用户和Ubuntu本地用户登录ftp服务器,并能上传和删除文件。</p><h2 id="安装vsftpd">安装vsftpd</h2><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash">sudo&nbsp;apt&nbsp;install&nbsp;vsftpd</pre><p>vsftpd服务在安装完成后会自动启动。通过下述命令可以查看vsftpd的状态:</p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash">sudo&nbsp;systemctl&nbsp;status&nbsp;vsftpd</pre><p style="text-align:center"><img src="/uploads/AilsonJack/2023.08.20/082152340731553.png" onclick="preview_image(&#39;/uploads/AilsonJack/2023.08.20/082152340731553.png&#39;)"/></p><h2 id="配置vsftpd">配置vsftpd</h2><p>可以通过编辑<code>/etc/vsftpd.conf</code>文件来配置vsftpd服务器。大多数ftp配置在配置文件中都有描述。有关所有可用选项,可以官方<a href="http://vsftpd.beasts.org/vsftpd_conf.html">vsftpd页面</a>进行查询。</p><p>执行下述命令打开<code>/etc/vsftpd.conf</code>文件:</p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash">sudo&nbsp;vim&nbsp;/etc/vsftpd.conf</pre><h3 id="配置ftp登录方式">配置FTP登录方式</h3><p>将<code>/etc/vsftpd.conf</code>文件中的<code>anonymous_enable</code>和<code>local_enable</code>设置成如下的配置:</p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash">anonymous_enable=YES local_enable=YES</pre><p>anonymous_enable:控制是否允许匿名登录。</p><p>local_enable:控制是否允许Ubuntu的本地用户登录(ftp客户端可以使用Ubuntu的用户名和密码登录到ftp服务器中)。</p><h3 id="限制用户访问其他目录">限制用户访问其他目录</h3><p>为防止FTP用户访问其主目录之外的其他目录,在<code>/etc/vsftpd.conf</code>文件中,取消<code>chroot_local_user=YES</code>的注释:</p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash">chroot_local_user=YES</pre><p>并且在<code>/etc/vsftpd.conf</code>文件的末尾添加下述内容,设置ftp用户的主目录为<code>/home</code>:</p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash">local_root=/home</pre><h3 id="允许上传和删除操作">允许上传和删除操作</h3><p>在<code>/etc/vsftpd.conf</code>文件中,取消<code>write_enable</code>的注释,以允许对文件系统进行更改,例如上传和删除文件。</p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash">#用户是否有写的权限 write_enable=YES</pre><p>在<code>/etc/vsftpd.conf</code>文件中,打开匿名用户的一些配置,如果下述配置在<code>/etc/vsftpd.conf</code>文件中没有,可以在配置文件中进行添加:</p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash">#允许匿名用户上传 anon_upload_enable=YES #允许匿名用户创建目录文件 anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES #允许匿名用户删除文件 anon_other_write_enable=YES</pre><h3 id="设置匿名用户的默认目录">设置匿名用户的默认目录</h3><p>在<code>/etc/vsftpd.conf</code>文件中,增加<code>anon_root</code>的配置,内容如下:</p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash">anon_root=/home/ailsonjack/share</pre><p>anon_root:设置匿名用户的默认路径。</p><p>到这里已经完成了对<code>/etc/vsftpd.conf</code>文件的配置,保存退出<code>/etc/vsftpd.conf</code>文件的编辑。</p><p>在<code>/home/ailsonjack</code>文件夹中创建<code>share</code>文件夹,命令如下:</p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash">cd&nbsp;/home/ailsonjack mkdir&nbsp;share</pre><p>为了保证匿名用户能够顺利的上传和删除文件,需要在<code>share</code>文件夹中创建<code>ftp</code>文件夹,之后改变<code>ftp</code>文件夹的权限为<code>777</code>,匿名用户就只能在<code>ftp</code>文件夹中进行文件的上传或者删除。</p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash">cd&nbsp;share mkdir&nbsp;ftp chmod&nbsp;777&nbsp;ftp/</pre><h2 id="使配置生效">使配置生效</h2><p>设置完成<code>/etc/vsftpd.conf</code>文件之后,执行下述命令重启vsftpd来使设置生效:</p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash">sudo&nbsp;systemctl&nbsp;restart&nbsp;vsftpd</pre><h2 id="禁用防火墙">禁用防火墙</h2><p>为了确保ftp服务器能够正常工作,我这里简单的关闭防火墙,命令如下:</p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash">sudo&nbsp;ufw&nbsp;disable</pre><p>关闭防火墙之后,可以执行下述命令查看防火墙的状态:</p><pre class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" spellcheck="false" lang="bash">sudo&nbsp;ufw&nbsp;status</pre><p>至此,Ubuntu搭建ftp服务器算是完成了,试试吧。</p><!--!doctype-->
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Linux-在Ubuntu搭建ftp服务器  |  说好一起走
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